The testicles are one of the reproductive organs that can experience health issues. There are various testicular problems that men may experience. Let’s find out more!
The testicles play a crucial role in the reproductive system. Their vital function requires optimal maintenance. However, there are various testicular problems that men can experience. Typically, these abnormalities occur in the testicles or scrotum and are characterized by swelling in that area.
Testicles are responsible for producing the hormone testosterone and sperm. If these organs are disrupted, it can lead to serious conditions, such as hormonal imbalances, sexual dysfunction, and infertility.
Important Functions of Testicles
The primary function of these reproductive organs is to produce the hormone testosterone and sperm. However, here are the important functions of testicles in male reproduction:
Hormone Production
One essential role of the testicles is to produce the primary reproductive hormone in males, namely testosterone. This hormone plays a crucial role in sexual development and function, hair growth, muscle development, and bone health.
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Sperm Production
Another vital function is the production of sperm. Sperm is a reproductive cell that plays a crucial role in fertilization. The process of sperm production is called spermatogenesis, during which spermatogonia cells develop into mature sperm.
Growth of Male Sexual Organs
It’s important to note that testicles play a significant role in the growth and development of male sexual organs during puberty. The testosterone produced by these organs can influence the development of the prostate gland and the growth of pubic hair.
Testicular Disorders and Conditions in Men
Testicles are highly sensitive and vulnerable to injuries, which can lead to lumps or other issues. Here are some problems or disorders that testicles may experience.
Testicular Trauma
One problem that men may experience is testicular trauma, which occurs when the testicles are injured due to kicks or hard blows.
Usually, this condition is accompanied by symptoms such as nausea for a while. In mild cases, testicular trauma will heal on its own. However, it’s essential for fathers to be cautious because if the pain persists, and the testicles swell or bruise, it indicates a severe injury that requires immediate treatment.
Epididymitis
Another testicular issue that men may experience is epididymitis. Epididymitis is an inflammation that occurs in the tubes at the back of the testicles or the epididymis. These tubes function to transport and store sperm.
Epididymitis is generally caused by infection or sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). In some cases, it can also lead to inflammation of the testicles, known as epididymo-orchitis.
Epididymitis can affect all men but is most commonly experienced by those aged 14-35. This condition usually improves with the recommended antibiotics from a doctor.
Varicocele
This condition occurs when there is swelling of the blood vessels (veins) inside the scrotum. Varicocele can occur in one or both testicles. Typically, varicocele is experienced by men aged 15-25.
Varicocele can affect sperm production, leading to fertility problems in men.
Hydrocele
Another cause of testicular disruption is hydrocele. This condition occurs when the scrotum or testicle sac fills with fluid. Typically, hydrocele does not cause pain and can resolve on its own. However, in some cases, inflammation may occur, causing discomfort.
Testicular Torsion
Testicular torsion, often referred to as twisted testicle, occurs when the spermatic cord inside the scrotum becomes twisted, impeding blood flow to the testicle.
The exact cause of spermatic cord torsion is not known, but it is often associated with genetic factors. Testicular torsion can be dangerous as it can cause the testicular tissue to die and result in permanent damage to the testicle.
So, these are some of the testicular issues that men may experience. These problems can be a cause of fertility disturbances or infertility.
Therefore, if you experience any symptoms indicating these conditions, be sure to consult the nearest fertility clinic. This is especially important if you and your partner are planning a pregnancy and want to achieve pregnancy quickly for appropriate treatment.
This article has been medically reviewed by Dr. Chitra Fatimah.
Source:
Gurung, P., et al. Physiology, Male Reproductive System. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538429/
Jacobsen, E.M., et al. (2020). The Impact of Testicular Torsion on Testicular Function. World J Mens Health. 2020 Jul; 38(3): 298–307.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7308234/
WebMD. The Male Reproductive System.https://www.webmd.com/sex-relationships/male-reproductive-system
